Attitude Formation And Stereotypes

Disposition Formation And Stereotypes ‘Stereotypes’, as indicated by Hogg and Vaughan(2002:46), are impressions of individuals that are firmly affected by broadly shared suspicions of character, conduct and mentalities dependent on bunch enrollment for instance, sex, race, ethnicity and nationality. These suppositions are a disentangled evaluative picture of somebody or a social gathering and its individuals, mental portrayals impact impressions we type of an individual or gathering and are viewed as a social outline. As people generalizations help us to manage a lot of social data we get from an individual or gathering of individuals. This data encourages us to improve our social world to make it sensible, controllable and unsurprising. As per Pennington and McLoughlin (2008:184) Hogg and Vaughan (2002) have done numerous investigations in the course of the most recent 50 years and they sum up there research, the discoveries incorporate; Stereotypes rush to frame and difficult to change. Numerous generaliza tions structure in adolescence and early adolescents. We demonstrate a propensity to quickly generalization others based on few attributes and qualities. Generalizations are significant as they impact impression arrangement, model when we initially meet an individual we allocate them to a social gathering without finding any data out about them; from this we have framed a prior generalization from our early introductions. Perspectives We can't see or measure mentalities legitimately; the term disposition is utilized to speak to a very unpredictable mental procedure. As people we constantly look to find others mentalities, we advise others our perspectives and attempt to transform others assessments. As per Petty and Cacioppo (1986) state mentalities are a general assessment we make about ourselves, others and issues, they proceed to state ‘attitudes have a past, present and future; they were created from past understanding, they control our present conduct and can coordinate o ur improvement in the future’, (Pennington and McLoughlin, 2008:193). Through this definition it is thought mentalities firmly impact the manner in which we act. There are two unique ways to deal with getting mentalities; the basic methodology and the practical methodology. The basic methodology (Katz 1960)- states that mentalities are an assessment (positive or negative) of a disposition, for example It is relied upon for you to hold an uplifting demeanor towards a dear companion and you may hold a negative disposition towards a policy centered issue, this methodology is separated into three parts. (Pennington and McLoughlin 2008:193-194). Intellectual our considerations; Affective-our sentiments and feelings; Behavioral-our conduct The practical methodology binds to comprehend and clarifies what the reason for the demeanor is for the person; there are five unique perspectives in this capacity. (Pennington and McLoughlin 2008:197). Versatile capacity accomplishes objective a nd keeps away from the unfortunate. Self-articulation our sentiment, mentalities and perspectives. Conscience cautious capacity †secures confidence and advances positive mental self portrait, Freudian hypothesis. Information work assists with structure and association. Social modification work oversees social circumstance. Focal qualities †are snippets of data we hook onto while framing initial introductions, these have disproportional impacts over our last impressions. Power impact †data introduced first has the most grounded effect on impressions shaped.

Moral Stages of Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Moral Stages of Development - Essay Example Sprinkled all through these basic learning levels are seven distinct phases of comprehension in which the kid gradually advances starting with one level then onto the next. Kohlberg characterizes the primary degree of good improvement as when a kid is truly naive to rules and gauges of conduct, however just to the degree that the person in question will act a specific method to keep away from physical discipline or increase physical prizes (treats, and so forth.). Level Two good advancement includes both similarity and reliability to normal practices, as per Kohlberg, and this is the level that guardians and instructors endeavor to ingrain in their youngsters. In this stage, laws and cultural guidelines are acknowledged and comprehend as being set up to benefit the country or gathering. Conversely, Level Three, additionally called the Autonomous Level, sees an individual creation judgment decisions put together not just with respect to cultural desires and laws yet on their very own moral code, which has created consistently (Kohlberg 1971). As indicated by Miller, Van Esterik and Van Esterik, the idea of youth itself has just been being used for two or three hundred years (2001); this relative novelty gives scientists not many solid philosophies with regards to understanding the ethical improvement of a youngster in school. Kottak concurs that the job of the study hall and the impacts of a changing world are continually making new issues with understudies; he feels that specifically, TV has an extraordinary task to carry out in the sexual orientation improvement of understudies all over the place. Kottak noticed that in a couple of brief a very long time as TV got inescapable, understudies started rewarding their educators and their companions with what he views as less regard and basically less consideration. Rather than taking in their place in the public arena from their instructors and their folks, they are likewise taking in it from films and TV programs; in truth these very projects directly affect the sexual orie ntation inclination in study halls (Kottak 2000). Where guardians and even educators may will in general evade really talking about the issue of sexual orientation predisposition in the study hall and the more extensive world, TV opens up the subject for conversation and youngsters are learning at an opportune time about their history as a sex and settling on choices about their future in this regard. End Kohlberg's degrees of good improvement can be legitimately actualized by educators in early learning circumstances most successfully; the additional time left before ingraining essential social desires, the more troublesome it is to impart them by any stretch of the imagination. As youngsters in level one are the most vulnerable to learning new ideas, it is best that educators of more youthful kids give a valiant effort to address issues of sex predisposition so as to present the kids into another reality, rather than only encouraging them about what as of now exists. Maybe this is the most critical part of level one learning: rather than indicating kids the things that need changing and trusting they will choose to stand firm later on, show them their job in an increasingly consummated society, where the sexes are really

Essay on Nonsense Language in Carrolls Jabberwocky -- Carroll Jabberw

The Importance of Nonsense Language and Sounds in Carroll's Jabberwockyâ â Â Wn a bby fst ts 2 kmnikt the wrds snd rubbish. No one recognizes what the child is attempting to state. The sonnet, Jabberwocky, composed by Lewis Carroll, utilizes unimportant discourse to either baffle or divert the peruser. When attempting to articulate the garbage words in the sonnet, the hints of the words come out as babble. The sounds are the significant component of the sonnet. Frequently, individuals like to hear artists read in dialects they can't comprehend. A lady leaving a perusing by the Polish artist Czeslaw Milosz said she was happy he'd read a portion of his work in Polish on the grounds that the language sounded energizing, similar to horse hooves over cobblestones. Â Some of the time a sonnet can mean pretty much nothing or nothing, yet the upgrade of words alone successes our consideration. A few writers can even develop words themselves. Carroll joins two words (portmanteau) into single word to create those unusual sounds and words in the sonnet. In a remarkable manner the trivial words consolidate with conspicuous words to make a sonnet practically fathomable. The language and sounds permit a peruser to ponder back the idea of how to impart Carroll's subject of survial of the fittest, what's more the fight between creatures, Carroll makes a fight for the peruser to comprehend the language and sounds. Â For a creature or peruser to get by in Caroll's sonnet it must execute before being murdered, or comprehend the language before arriving at the end. The setting of such endurance is the woodland, and Caroll's timberland is a dream land where words are unfamiliar to the peruser. He left it dead, and with its head He went galumphing back, (Carroll, 36) has reference to natural selection. The head turns into the trophy of ... ...tree, (Carroll, 36) portrays the real ability of utilizing a tree for disguise. The tree is the Dumdum and conceals the tracker's idiocy. Is the Jabberwocky innocuous? The timberland individuals could have designed an insightful story about the animal for diversion. What the tracker executed was part creative mind and part genuine; the manner in which Carroll's sonnet is. Â The sounds and gibberish language are significant components of the sonnet. Simultaneously, we can utilize the punctuation of the sentence to assist us with envisioning the implications of the rubbish words. The sonnet is lively and disappointing simultaneously. We may state it plustrate. Works Cited Carroll, Lewis. Jabberwocky. The Discovery Of Poetry. second Edition. Ed. Frances Mayes. Orlando: Harcourt Brace and Company, 1987. Tracker, Paul J. Reference. The Norton Introduction to Poetry. sixth Edition. Chicago: Norton, 1996. Â Â

Significance of Objects in the Dolls House Essay Example for Free

Centrality of Objects in the Dolls House Essay Macaroons: nora ! Nora! If it's not too much trouble don’t leave me and go†¦ for what reason did she leave me half eaten? what will occur of me now!! Torvald hates me, he was consistently against Nora eating me†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦why did it need to be me? Dress: everyone worshiped and adulated Nora when she wore me†¦ yet too bad! What was the utilization of all my magnificence and delicacy when at long last she disregarded me all. For what reason would i say i was given so much significance if she somehow happened to pick her standard garments over me toward the end? Letter: precisely! Is it accurate to say that we were simply trimmings to enhance the environmental factors? Christmas tree: gee currently even im thinking about whether my motivation in the house was of negligible adornment. Indeed, even in this merry season will I be disregarded in this messed up state to wilt away in not many days? Light: yes! Truly! Is it true that we were simply used to improve the magnificence of this family unit? I thought I heard a few voices however I didn’t realize it would be every one of you. On the off chance that all of you are imagining that you’ll have no job in the play let me disclose to you my perspectives on why you objects of the doll’s house were of prime significance in giving a more profound importance behind the activities of the characters. I will do this introduction dependent on the Henrik Ibsen’s The Doll’s House. According to the lines of the story, the dramatist has stressed extraordinarily on the numerous articles that encompass the characters in the play. I will expand on the imagery of the criticalness of the articles referenced in the play. The articles mean different feelings yet for the most part, Ibsen utilizes items to show Noras melancholy brought about by her baseless marriage; incidentally, the externalization of Nora by her better half and her exploitation in the public arena. he author permits the perusers the opportunity to decipher the family protests emotionally which provokes the peruser to scrutinize the degree to which the family questions identify with the subject of marriage. At first, Ibsen places tremendous essentialness on various items in the family unit, and stresses the bearings for the setting of the stage. Ibsen makes his stage sets wake up and make part in the move. Similarly as Nora develops from the scaled down Nora of act one to the super-Nora of act three, likewise the arrangement of the play experiences an extreme advancement, from light to murkiness, from heaven to jail until, before the finish of the play, it has been morally annihilated. One could envision the doll house set, when Nora pummels the entryway, crumbling like a place of cards, to the aggregate wheeze of help from the crowd. Taking a gander at the set we see, that Ibsen utilizes a ternion, a room . two entryways in the back divider, the entryway on the left prompts Torvald’s study, and is opened and shut just when he picks. It speaks to the sanctum sanctorum of male predominance and dynamic power and security and his imperceptible nearness behind that entryway is felt god like. At whatever point he rises up out of this entryway, it is consistently on his own terms, to direct and control occasions. The entryway to one side in the back divider prompts the outside world. Just harmed individuals get through this entryway: Christine, Rank, Krogstad, every one of whom have been differently harmed by the world outside. So this entryway speaks to the threatening truth of the outside world, its capacity to hurt yet in addition, its capacity to compel to constrain one to grow up, to quit being a doll. There is another entryway, which prompts the nursery and room. This is the universe of sexual dream, of Nora performing whimsical jobs of squirrel, songbird and others to keep Torvald captivated by her blamelessness. Here, one can obviously observe that Ibsen draws a noticeable line between the sorts of articles he picks. As the tones of the play become increasingly genuine, the settings become bolder thus do the shades of Nora’s character. On a superficial level, the play doesn't show these subtleties yet it is just when the peruser dives further does he comprehend the gigantic imagery, all things considered, Nora anyway is not really guiltless. This can be seen when Nora lies about the parcel of macaroons twice, once to Helmer and the second time to Dr Rank. The macaroons signify Noras contemptibility and trickery, which additionally suggests her demonstration of submitting shocking, naughty deeds. Nora resorts to lying about eating the macaroons since she believes she is to blame for defying her better half. This little episode additionally shows the strains in their conjugal relationship. Additionally the macaroons show us the principal look at Nora’s want for freedom. To a degree the Christmas tree with which the play starts is a portrayal of Nora’s character. Much the same as the tree is an object of enrichment controlled by someone so as to enhance a spot comparably Nora was the prized ownership of Helmer. She was no not exactly a unimportant article, a demonstrate piece intended to be appreciated and applauded. It is intriguing to take note of that Nora orders the medical attendant, Hide the Christmas Tree cautiously, Helen. Be certain the kids don't see it till tonight, when it is dressed†, she comparably tells Torvald, Yes, no one is to get an opportunity to of respecting me n my dress until tomorrow†. These lines show the comparability among Nora and the Christmas tree. Both are not uncovered until each look great. Furthermore, as the play continues it becomes evident that the tree and Nora are one in the equivalent. At the point when the subsequent demonstration opens the Christmas tree is portrayed to be, deprived of its decorations and with copied down light finishes on its tousled branches. This relates to Nora’s condition by then in the play. Like the tree Nora too was in a tousled perspective. She was restless and befuddled. â€Å"Corrupt me children†¦poison my home? It’s false! It would never be valid! What's more, â€Å"somebody’s coming! No, it’s no one. † Support my case that Nora’s mental state was in contrast with the Christmas tree comparable. Additionally the tousled condition of the tree could be representative of the crumbling of Nora’s web of untruths. The really, honest, uncorrupt ways, in which Nora used to veil her deceitfulness, her trickery would before long be revealed before Helmer and the appalling truth would rise. he extravagant dress that Nora would wear for the extravagant dress finishing from multiple points of view represents the character she plays in her union with Helmer. The torn and wrecked state of her extravagant dress is corresponding to her disappointed condition. Additionally her marriage is on the rocks and her musings are totally adjusted on how she could forestall Helmer from knowing real ity since she knows very well that Helmer will never acknowledge what she had done. In this way the torn state of the dress could be emblematic of the imperfect state of their marriage. Likewise it is fascinating to take note of that Nora says that Torvald detests seeing dressmaking, recommending that Torvald appreciates the bogus character that Nora has embraced. â€Å"oh just in the event that I could tear them up into a thousand pieces. † shouts Nora, on observing the state of the dress. This is another sign indicating Nora’s want for freedom Independence from the grip of her better half and from the standards and states of the general public. Additionally the dress features another point. Mrs linde who dissimilar to Nora who thinks simply like the dress her marriage is past repair,is progressively experienced proposes the fixing of the dress which is emblematic of the way that later in the play it is Mrs Linde who concludes that Torvald ought to learn of Nora’s insider facts and that it would be gainful for their marriage. Likewise toward the finish of act 3 when Nora expels her extravagant dress and changes into her casuals and she says â€Å"yes torvald ive changed† this change she implied was not of only her garments yet in addition an adjustment as a part of her character. The expulsion of her dress mplies the exposing of her misrepresentation and encountering her better half as an individual just because. Changing of the dress is additionally critical of Nora’s want for opportunity from the snare of untruths that she had been turning and from the imprisonment of her significant other. It is another sign giving her longing for opportunity from the doll’s house and to carry on with her life on her own terms. The letter from Krogstad in the letter box frames the core of the play. Nora’s passionate turns of events and changes, her uneasiness, her marriage all rotates around the letter box and the letter. The letter from krogstad is representative of Nora’s disguise and misdirection. It exposes her mystery and untruths that she avoids her better half and furthermore reveals her mask of the whimsical perfect spouse. In this way driving her to at last pummel the entryway and turning into a revolutionary of sorts. Additionally the letter represents disclosure such that simply in the wake of perusing the letter it is that Torvald acknowledges and comprehends the wants of his significant other. It is simply in the wake of perusing the letter that he comes out of his creative perfect world and appearances the brutal truth. Along these lines the letter was an eye opener for Torvald, it gave him where his marriage stands. â€Å"helene, get the light please† said Nora when Dr rank admitted his affection for her. In this way when the light is brought the room gets lit up. This light is emblematic of Nora’s condition of mindfulness. Prior Nora attempts to draw and manupilate Dr Rank however when he admits his adoration for her she goes into a condition of stun and that’s when the beams of light saturate the room showing Nora’s condition of mindfulness. Likewise the light could mean otherworldly recovery. This is on the grounds that obscurity is related with malevolent and unethical exercises. What's more, Dr rank admitted his adoration for his best friend’s spouse which is an unethical demonstration. along these lines the dash of light which the light purchased in, likewise purchased with it a feeling of nobility. That is when Nora shouts â€Å"Dr. Rank! Don’t you feel embarrassed about yourself, presently the lamp’s been purchased in? † Therefore, utilizing numerous obj

A Developmental Study of Alex in Kubricks A Clock Essay Example For Students

A Developmental Study of Alex in Kubricks A Clock Essay work OrangeA Developmental Study of Alex in Kubricks A Clockwork OrangeSynopsis of A Clockwork OrangeIn A Clockwork Orange, the principle character is that of a gently youngchild of 15 who, alongside his kindred companions, or Droogs, participate in eveningsof Ultra-Violence. Ultra Violence comprises of irregular beatings, theft,destruction, and assault. The primary character, Alex, is oneself broadcasted leaderof the pack, and makes judgment on their activities pending on his state of mind. His Droogseventually wind up under his immediate standard, after all his words, anddecide to challenge his position. The three Droogs (Dim, Georgie, and Pete) join Alex on his cavort to alocal fat homestead to loot the products therein.Inside, Alex unearths theowner of the retreat, and after a length fight with her, winds up giving her ablow to the head with a somewhat enormous, earthenware copy of an erect penis. When heleaves the external entryways of the perplexing, Dim shocks him by smacking a milkbottle against his face. His partners escape while little Alex is leftbleeding and blinded to manage the police. Endless supply of Alex, he finds that the blow he conveyed tothe youngster was a lethal one. He is accused of first-degree murder andsentenced to 14 years in jail. While there, he gets to know the occupant ministerand turns into an aide to his administration. The pastor, Alex before long finds, is separated in another type of treatment that is attempting to be actualized jails tohelp fix prisoners from submitting demonstrations of savagery. Through karma anddiscussion with the higher authorities in the jail, Alex is decided to be a guineapig for the trial, and is sent to become vaccinated from savagery. The treatment comprised of Alex being tied down to a seat in frontof a film screen, having anodes joined to his head, and being keptfocused by little matches of clasps used to cripple his capacity to squint. This,along with the infusion of an exploratory serum, is observed while he viewsmovies of UltraViolence. The serum leaves him powerless against his surroundings,which are dangerous movies, and incites such sentiments of powerlessness, fear,and close passing loss of motion, like that of suffocating. Alex before long partners thisfeeling of troubled with the viciousness, and with the mood melodies beingplayed all through the whole difficulty: Beethoven, Alexs primary love. The finalresult is that at whatever point Alex is gone up against with either savage demonstrations of any kind,or the sweet strings of Ludwig Van, he is soon on his knees in torment and desolation. At the point when he is discharged, his folks surrender him. He gets together with a fewmembers of his old pack that have transformed into abnormal cops, and with theirnewfound power and enduring despise of Alex, they beat him much and leave himfor dead, this of which welcomed on the infection that he was adapted for. Faltering in obscurity for help, he goes over a courteous looking home thatlooked enigmatically natural. In the end, Alex understands that he is in the nearness ofa previous casualty of his, yet accepts that the proprietor would not remember him. Sadly, the creator recognized him in the wake of hearing Alex sing asong in a fundamentally the same as design to the manner in which his aggressors completed 2 years back. Afterslipping a narcotic into Alexs wine, Alex awakens to end up in a lockedroom on the second floor of a condo elevated structure. Through the floorboards,Alex begins to hear the scornful hints of Beethoven, and goes into his sicknessfits. No ways out, No ways out. His solitary way out is to leap out of the shut windowand end his life. He does only that. Alex wakes in an emergency clinic. The creator was imprisoned for endeavored murder,and the administration authorities that began the program were criticized andharassed out of their positions. Alex ends up broken and hurt, yet histhoughts are that of the Ultra-Violence. Alex was relieved and prepared to live once more. Parts of PsychologyIn A Clockwork Orange, Alex is depicted as two unique individuals livingwithin a similar body. As an underhanded youngster assaulting the world, he as observed asfilth. His activities and outright lack of respect towards society are arranged underthat of the basic road bum. In any case, when he is away from his night attire,he is that of smooth. His attire, his words, his general mentality. Thedistinction between the two is activated by the delicate hints of Ludwig VanBeethoven. Language Arts Importance Essay ThesisWith the reaction that Alexs guardians provide for him in his home-life, it isobvious that they didn't offer a lot of affection to the developing youngster. By Freudsbelief, if the youngster doesn't get the correct love from a mother that itshould, it will discover different intends to supplant the solace that a mother gives. Alexs comfort was the viciousness and the delight brought from a night finished. There is no reference in the film about Alexs guardians being his naturalborn guardians, or on the off chance that one of them passed on and remarried. My convictions are that Alexsnatural conceived mother was beaten and in the long run left his dad. Alex was in themiddle of this activity, and like Banduras discoveries, the kid emulates theaction that he perspectives and accepts it as normal, in this way utilizing it in regular day to day existence. Alexs hostility upon society are genuinely the characteristic desires and sentiments that heexperiences, accordingly making him ordinary, being ignorant of the wrongs that hisviolence incites. In a Freudian angle, this could clarify a lion's share of his aggressionthat he shows. His activities decipher his disdain towards his dad for beingthe reason he does not have a parental familiar object. As cited in one of the firstfew scenes: and in the wreckage of unstable disorder the intoxicated old malchek made them lie in, he had figured out how to have the option to push out a revolting verse or two. Presently, the one thing that I genuinely abhor on the planet is a tanked old malcheksinging out the tunes of his dad with an incidental blurp,blurp inbetween., this shows his reluctant for 1) Disrespect for music. 2) Drunks, and 3) Men in his dads picture. The music was his salvation, for it could wake up him in and from hisdementia. The music was utilized in a pseudo-Pavlov investigation to dispose of Alexslove for brutality. In the investigation, Alex ingested a serum that would instigate adeathlike loss of motion. While the serum was producing results, he was barraged withsights of savagery and the sweet hints of Ludwig Van Beethoven, both leaving animpression in his mind, relating the ailment to the sights and sounds that hewas exposed to. In Pavlovs analyzes, his significant objective was to demonstrate that he could prepare asubject to give a molded reaction with no support. This wasaccomplished via preparing a canine to salivate when he heard a ringer ring. The dogwas use to the sound of a ringing ringer before getting his food. Eventually,Pavlov expelled the food from the examination, however the pooch held theconditioned reaction of salivating at whatever point he heard the ringer ring. Therefore aconditioned reaction without positive nor negative support. Alexsconditioned reaction was to tumble to the disorder when exposed to Beethoven. With the ailment being the molded reaction, there is no Reinforcementbecause the hints of Beethoven were not purposeful, in this manner not needingreinforcement. In any case, Alexs injury could likewise be alluded to as a Skinner approach totreatment. Skinners hypothesis was that one could accomplish a molded reaction bygiving the subject positive or negative support. In his examinations, amouse was placed in an enclosure with only a pressable catch and a light. Whenthe bar was discouraged, the light flashed and food was conveyed into the enclosure. On the off chance that the mouse were dropped into a comparable pen, it is protected to accept thatit would hold the response to hit a bar and get food. The conditionedresponse was to hit the bar when hungry. The fortification was the food that wasprovided by finishing the reaction. In Alexs case, the support would bethe metal fulfillment of not proceeding with his rough needs when he issubjected to vicious environmental factors. Taking everything into account, the speculations utilized as a premise behind Stanley Kubriks AClockwork Orange, take after that of the hypotheses that originated from the greaterthinkers of present day time. Alex, the guinea pig in this story, is an exemplary exampleof numerous clinicians contextual analyses, and could be dissected uniquely in contrast to each. Music and Movies

sellouts conundrum

sellouts conundrum Sometimes I went to recruiting events just to remember why I avoided recruiting events. The latest one, held in early May of this year, was at Abide, a bubble tea shop on the outskirts of campus. The recruiters had tried, they really didâ€"wheeled in old-school arcade games, paid for limitless boba, etched the space in muted gold light. A woman in a crisp suit handed me a stack of poker chips. “Use these to place bets.” She gestured at a whiteboard that proclaimed two hundred dollars’ worth of chips could be exchanged for a backpack; a thousand dollars’ worth meant AirPods. I wondered at this approximation of Maslow’s. Who needed self-actualization when one could listen to podcasts wirelessly? A few minutes later, I was assessing the boba selectionâ€"passionfruit green tea, matcha milk tea, something reddish that involved guavaâ€"when a recruiter sidled up. Her greeting floated towards me. “Hi there!” “Hi,” I said, pivoting away from the counter. I wasnt sure what the company did. Hedge fund? What did hedge funds do? To amuse myself, I briefly pictured manicured shrubs made from dollar bills. “How’s school going?” Her voice formed the shape of possibility. Opportunity. Another future opened itself to me, sparkly and inviting. Wall Street, maybe, or a consulting firm, something synonymous with prestige, six-figure salaries, very reasonable health insurance. I could walk into a restaurant and order without looking at menu prices. Behind us, a rinse of noise: groans and a burst of bright, asynchronous beeps. Somebody had just lost a game of Pac-Man. For a fleeting second, it was all I could hear of the room. Um, school is good, I said. After a few more lines of scripted dialogue, the recruiter moved on to other students. I turned back to the boba. At the bottom of each cup, tapioca pearls clotted into indistinguishable blurs of black. More beeping. Somebody was cueing up a new game. I imagined Pac-Man, endlessly swerving about his maze, collecting point after point after point. Devouring through level upon level towards some inevitable death. Game over. I handed my poker chips to a friend, grabbed two cups sloshing to the brim with milk tea, and left. The summer after my freshman year at MIT, I wrote the following on Tumblr: “We would commiserate with each other about how high school felt like a farce, like a four-year-long audition, and then we would go on to attend Ivies and top state universities and small liberal arts colleges and we would eventually switch our majors to something safe, like economics or computer science. And we would rebel, sure; we would dance on tabletops and kiss the wrong person and backpack through Europe, but inevitably, the intoxicating allure of the corporate world and all of its comforts would yank us back to the paths drawn for us before we were born. And by age thirty, we would make six-figures annually; we would have a mortgage, two-point-one kids, and a nice house in a nice neighborhood, and we would have grown into the boring-ass adults we swore we’d never be.” Perhaps a tad melodramatic, but I felt more lost than ever. It was the same summer I read former Yale professor William Deresiewicz’s sharp rebuke of elite higher education. In The New Republic, he wrote, “I taught many wonderful young people during my years in the Ivy Leagueâ€"bright, thoughtful, creative kids whom it was a pleasure to talk with and learn from. But most of them seemed content to color within the lines that their education had marked out for them. Very few were passionate about ideas. Very few saw college as part of a larger project of intellectual discovery and development. Everyone dressed as if they were ready to be interviewed at a moment’s notice.” In retrospect, it’s a cynical takeâ€"in college, I’ve had the honor of meeting so many vibrant, curious soulsâ€"but to eighteen-year-old me, Deresiewicz offered a terrifying prospect. I didn’t want to be a Wall Street sellout. I wanted to be a writer. But I knew writing poetry was about as useful to greater society as shifting vast, moneyed sums from point A to point B, and at least the latter came with a dental plan. I didn’t know what to do, so I chose to do nothing: stumbled into a job offer in Auckland and took a year off to work instead of coming back to MIT for my sophomore year.  The week before I flew off to the Southern Hemisphere, I read Mihir Desai’s op-ed in the Harvard Crimson, in which he dissuades students from pursuing careers in consulting or finance: “The shortest distance between two points is reliably a straight line. If your dreams are apparent to you, pursue them. Creating optionality and buying lottery tickets are not way stations on the road to pursuing your dreamy outcomes. They are dangerous diversions that will change you.” I envisioned myself as a corporate cog, devoid of fantastical hopes, and didn’t entirely hate the idea, because at least that person knew where she was going. After New Zealand, I’m irrevocably different in some sensesâ€"more prone to fretting about the costs of mundane items like toilet paper, for example. But, for better or worse, I did not change into the sellout Desai warned of. I’m nearly twenty-one now, yet I find myself craving the same things I’ve coveted my entire life: jasmine tea, Impressionist art, white chocolate, intense friendship. I suspect I will spend the rest of my life searching for the words to approximate the secret, untranslatable language of my mind, because it is the only way I might reach across impossible distances, the galaxies between people. I thought I wanted to be a writer, so I signed with a literary agent and published a book. But I found no joy in self-promotion, in networking, in everything surrounding the craft itself. While I still love writing more than pretty much anything else, I don’t want to make it into a career. I thought I wanted to go into finance, because I enjoyed math; it was what had drawn me to MIT. I found it similar to poetry: both abstracted the world into something more elegant. Both transcended their own language. But I found no fulfillment in exploiting economic loopholes, no matter how beautiful the numbers were. I’m nearly twenty-one now, yet I’m still confused. All I have is an amalgamation of curiosities and dreams, but I don’t know what to do with that. I want to learn every secret of the universe, and there simply isn’t enough time to do so. A few weeks ago, I went back to Abide with a graduating senior destined for Big Tech  in the fall. We talked about majors. She’d opted for computer science, the most popular department at MIT. After coming back to school, I declared comparative media studies; nobody understood what it was or why it was useful. “I took classes in both math and comparative media studies this past semester,” I said. “I know exactly what I learned in my math classâ€"how to compute a probability density function, for example. What I learned in my comparative media studies classesthat’s much more amorphous. I think it’ll take me years to understand what I truly learned. But it’s important to me to be a mindful citizen of the world, to do things with purpose, and I’ll never learn that from doing a math pset.” “The real world is a thing,” she pointed out. Vocational skill sets translated into financial stability; excessive, indulgent consumption of literature and sociology papers did not. Later, I asked her why she’d decided to work at her Silicon Valley company. “I think at MIT, I gained so many skills but didn’t have the time to figure out what I wanted, so I think I’ll spend a few years gaining exposure,” she said. “I don’t think I’ll stay there forever.” I slurped at my boba and gazed outside, the glass blotted by raindrops. Massachusetts Avenue was nothing but windows: storefront after glinting storefront, a limitless throat of possibility. Often, I would walk along the same street, music tucked in my ears, footsteps meandering as if I had somewhere to go, but somehow never ending up anywhere at all. Post Tagged #my backup plan is to marry a computer$$ science$$ major$$

Drug Development Reflection of Shultz Davids Article - 550 Words

Innovation in Drug Development: Reflection of Shultz David's Article (Essay Sample) Content: Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Name:Professor:Course:Date:Innovation in Drug DevelopmentImmune evasion by pathogenic microorganisms has immensely paralyzed the vaccine and drug development processes. Moreover, immune evasion by viruses has infringed the general treatment standards that were initially effective towards the resultant ailments. The core factor resulting in immune evasion by microorganisms is the polymorphic nature of the gene coding for the surface protein that produces an antigen that is detected by the humoral and cell-mediated immunity. In this accord, the influenza virus that resumes various distinct identities has posed a great challenge in drug development, because, it changes two of its surface proteins, hence enabling it to evade the bodyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s immune system. In light of this, scientientist have developed a computer program that is capable of targeting the constant region of the viral genome. Hence, this development translated to the designing of a pr otein that eradicates the pathogenicity of the virus. However, the administration of the protein with the capability to eliminate the virulence of the Influenza virus has been tested in mice. In light of this development, this essay seeks to summarize and provide a reflection of David Shultz article, "Computer helps researchers tackle flu strains at once.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ The development of the computer system that can identify the virusesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ constant region is pivotal to the pursuit of antiviral development for other viral strains, regardless of their polymorphic nature. Scientists in PLOS Pathogen have revealed that they have designed a molecule that targets the hemagglutininà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s vulnerable region exclusively. One of the targeted regions is the epitope protein that constitutes the surface protein. In this accord, the designed molecule is capable of detecting the conserved region of the virus across the diverse strain resulting from mutations. The research that has pro ven to be significant to the drug development process commenced with HB36.5, a small protein molecule that binds to Influenzaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s hemagglutinin. Subsequently, using diverse computer algorithms and laboratory assay techniques to test and induce various mutations on the protein HB36.5 to enable it to bind to a wide array of hemagglutinin from different influenza strains (Shultz, 2016).The research translated to a new molecule which had nine mutations, and it is called HB36.6. The molecule was then administered in mice, followed by administration of Influenza Virus. The recombinant mice were then subjected to laboratory analysis. Remarkably, the mice survived the pathogenicity and virulence of the Influenza virus and lost far much less weight as compared to other control experiment done before. However, as the Deborah Fuller, the leader of the study, points out, the success in mice is not directly a reflection of success in humans, but it is a massive breakthrough and a scienti fic realization that could be pivotal to the designing of human antiviruses.In my opinion, the research was an emblem of dedication and progress in the development of antiviruses against pathogenic viruses that are life threatening to human beings....

Analyzing Past And Present Hip Hop - 1590 Words

Examining past and present Hip Hop Lyrics: How has the culture of Hip Hop changed overtime How has the Hip Hop culture changed overtime? In looking at the dynamic in which music has changed by its usage of language and various forms of dialect and productivity it is clear that Hip Hop is a lot different in today s modern society then in the 80 s and in the 90 s. In dissecting the lyrics of the Modern day lyrical rapper J.Cole and High End rapper Nas in order to understand the level of distinction that has taken place within the Hip Hop Culture overtime. J. Cole is best known for his realism, and authentic truth displayed in his music. J. Coles and his songs No Role Model and It Won t Be long His song No Role Model focuses on†¦show more content†¦According to Scholar Maulana Karenga It means never having to turn their backs away from their blackness and truly embrace their cultural background and upbringing. Hip Hop can also be classified as a Hip Hop was a way of life, and having the freedom of expression and escape from the harsh reality of being black while havi ng to grow up in a society that seeks to dehumanize African Americans and that screams superiority. The purpose of this essay is to examine the theme of Superiority by exploring racism, classism and sexism through the eyes of contemporary artist J.Cole and lyrical legend Nas. The aggressive and emotional expression of superiority through racism in J.Cole s It Won t Be Long is demonstrated takes the time talk about his life growing up, and he burns with pain and fury to see his mother work tirelessly. Within the lyrics he acknowledges his mother and addresses all of the hardships that she had to endure while working for the white man. The primary source which provides real evidence of what once was his reality is shown in his lyrics by saying, Racism is alive, I see the disguise/ Mamma I know it hurts/ It hurts me to watch you go to work barely hanging on/ some rich man getting richer while you slaving for him. (J.Cole line 47-50) Racism is seen through J. Coles perception as being a form of oppression in the life of him and his mother. She is an African American Women who strains and struggles to make it. This serves as a pure example of racism

What Are Fire Ants, and Where Do They Live

When people talk about fire ants, theyre often referring to a non-native species, the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta. In the 1930s, red imported fire ants made their way to the U.S. from Argentina, via the port of Mobile, Alabama. Red imported fire ants will defend their nest aggressively, emerging en masse and stinging the offending perpetrator. Solenopsis invicta is now established throughout the southeastern states. Isolated populations also exist in California and the southwest. Entomologically speaking, fire ants are the common name given to about 20 species of ants belonging to the genus Solenopsis. Fire ants sting. Their toxic venom causes a burning sensation, hence the name fire ants. Entomologist Justin Schmidt, who studied and ranked the pain inflicted by various stinging insects, described the fire ants sting as like walking across a shag carpet reaching for the light switch. In the U.S., we have four native species of fire ants: Solenopsis xyloni - southern fire antsSolenopsis aurea - desert fire antsSolenopsis amblychila - desert fire antsSolenopsis geminata - tropical fire ants Another exotic species, the black import fire ant (Solenopsis richteri) arrived in the U.S. around 1918. Red imported fire ants displaced their less aggressive cousin a few decades later. Black imported fire ants still exist in limited populations in parts of Texas, Alabama, and Mississippi. Sources Geographic distribution of fire ants, Xtension.org. Accessed online November 4, 2010.Red Imported Fire Ant in North Carolina, Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University. Accessed online November 4, 2010.Fire Ants in Tennessee, University of Tennessee Extension. Accessed online November 4, 2010.

Business Pl Marketing Plan - 2493 Words

BUSINESS PLAN Bradkir Foods Derek A Rotz, Owner August 21, 2016 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Product Bradkir Foods will make premium pie filling for every pie filling need. All different types of pie filling will be made with only the best fruit and ingredients. The pie filling will be made with non GMO ingredients and all the fruit in the pie filling will be fresh ingredients. 1.2 Customers Our target audience will be any household that has a desire to make a pie or have a need for our pie filling. Pies are a must around the holidays so we target certain occasions that a pie may need to be made. 1.3 What Drives Us Although the food processing business is highly competitive, we believe that there is a place for†¦show more content†¦Working as a team to maximize the total return to our growers which is derived from: the premium we pay for their fruit, and the efficient marketing of products using their processing fruit, as well as any other products in our portfolio. 2.2 Organizational Structure Bradkir Foods is a Co-op. We will be forming a company with a board of all the fruit growers in the co-op as well as 3 internal board members. Having the growers be part of the board will let them be a part of the company they are helping to build. The 3 Internal people we will have on the board will be the President of the company, the Vice-president, as well as the Vice-president of the raw fruit department. Under the board of directors will be the vice-president of each department. Working bellow the vice -presidents will be /secretary treasurer as well as plant managers who oversees the day-to-day operation of the plant and delegates jobs for employees working on the plant. A marketing/sales manager position will also be implemented into the structure. The simplicity of the structure makes it a perfect fit for a small company like Bradkir. The organizational structure avoids being top heavy in that the responsibilities are spread out and the owners will select the roles of Presid ent; Vice-president. This allows the board to select

A Brief Note On The World War II - 1208 Words

Unique Shrestha Dr. Daniel Byrne American History 9 April 2016 Paper 8 World War II In January 6, 1941, President Roosevelt spoke about the â€Å"essential human freedoms†: freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom of want, and freedom from fear (Foner, 904). By the end of the war, the new immigrant groups were accepted as loyal ethnic Americans, rather than members of distinct and inferior â€Å"races† (Foner, 904). In addition, the contradiction between the principle of equal freedom and the actual status of blacks had come to the forefront of national life. Though minorities and women were discriminated in many ways, most of them got equal rights because of the war. During the war, many women were encouraged to go to work. The nation†¦show more content†¦The government dedicated towards the ideals of Four Freedoms and the principle that all races, religions, and national origins could enjoy those freedoms equally. The enemy’s philosophy was racism. However, Americanism rested on toleration of diversity and equality for Americans. By the end of the war, the new immigrant groups were fully accepted as loyal ethnic Americans. World War II created a vast â€Å"melting pot† for European immigrants and their children (Foner, 926). While people were moving into the army and industrial plants, Americans encountered people of various backgrounds. There was feeling of â€Å"patriotic assimilations† unlike the forced Americanization of World War I (Foner, 926). Roosevelt tried to show that diversified society is the source of harmony that is the form of pluralism. Government and private agencies also promoted equality as a counterpoint of Nazism and as the definition of Americanism. Furthermore, Hollywood portrayed fighting units representing various religious, ethnic, and regional background. During the war, the Italian-Americans were no longer called Italian rather they were called Americans only. However, the Harlem race riot of 1943 led patriotic assimilation stopped at the color line (Foner, 927). As the war had a far more vague meaning for non-white groups compared to white groups. Among them, Mexican American were also categorized as minorities

William Shakespeare Symbolic Plays Free Essays

Symbols play major roles in everyday situations whether it is in real life, novels, or even movies. In fact, more and more authors nowadays are learning from older play-writers such as William Shakespeare by reading and analyzing their plays. They learn how to develop their novels by incorporating symbols based on action or drama. We will write a custom essay sample on William Shakespeare Symbolic Plays or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are several examples of William Shakespeare’s famous plays that have numerous symbols that tie the story together which include Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Julius Caesar. However, the most notable play written by Shakespeare is Macbeth. The play Macbeth written by the world- renowned play-writer William Shakespeare is a play that symbols tie the story together. Three key symbols that emerge in the play are a crown, a crystal ball, and lastly, hallucinations. Every one of these symbols represents a variety of concepts in Macbeth. The first of the three major symbols that tie the play together is the crown. In general, a crown is a symbol that represents royalty, authority, leadership, etc. There are many things that come to mind when you think of crown, however, this play changes everything. In Macbeth, the crown represents a variety of concepts and issues that change the fact that characters lives forever. It causes loyal characters such as Macbeth to commit many dreaded acts being numerous counts of murder. Macbeth wouldn’t have gone on with the plan if Lady Macbeth didn’t want as much as she did convince her husband to murder all those people by saying, â€Å"From this time Such I account thy love. Art thou afraid To be in thine act and valor. (Act 1, Scene 7, Page 59, Lines 38-40) When she attired those words, it convinced Macbeth to go along with the original plan. But when he becomes king, and all the murders are done with he begins mistrusting people so he tells himself, â€Å"To be thus is nothing. But to be safety. † (Act 3, Scene 1, Page 15, Line 53) As a result, Macbeth frequently talks to the witches and they give him different prophec ies that give him the confidence he needs to remain king. The second major symbol in the play is hallucination, which is found numerous times and is shown to be a problem mainly because of the murders. Macbeth says to himself shortly after killing Duncan â€Å"Whence is that knocking? How am not with me when every noise appalls me? What hands are here? Ha! They pluck out mine eyes. Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood Clean from my hand? No this hand will rather the multitudinous seas incarnadine. Making the green one red. † (Act 2, Scene 2, Page 81, Lines 60- 63) Macbeth had another time where the hallucination caused him to see the ghost of Banquet which he told the ghost â€Å"Thou canst not say I did it: never shake thy gory locks at me. (Act 3 Scene 4 Page 143, Lines 63-64) The hallucination of the ghost of Banquet represented the guilt from all the crimes that Macbeth had committed. After that scene Macbeth gradually becomes even crazier than he already was and becomes very reckless with his power. Clearly, he was very emotionally unstable as he continues to commit murders. All the hallucinations are a big factor of why Macbeth was unsteady and ended up dying. The third and final major symbol of this play is the crystal ball, which represents looking into the future. I made a choice to make the symbol crystal ball symbolize the prophecies that the witches continuously give Macbeth. Crystal balls typically represent fortune-tellers and the future. That is what started the whole problem and that is the witches and their prophecies for Macbeth. If their prophecies did not take place, Macbeth still would have been Duncan’s loyal general and close friend, but the three witches came to Macbeth and told him, First Witch: â€Å"All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, thane of Glacis! † Second Witch: â€Å"All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, thane of Cawdor! † Third Witch â€Å"All hail, Macbeth! Hail to the thane of Cawdor! † That is what caused him to kill the king who thought very highly of him who even gave him the honor of becoming the Thane of Cawdor. Afterwards, when he is knee deep in the murders, he goes back to the witches so that he can attain more prophecies. This time, just to manipulate him, they tell him. First Apparition: â€Å"Macbeth! Macbeth! Macbeth! Beware Macduff. Beware the thane of Fife. Dismiss me. Enough. † Second Apparition â€Å"Macbeth! Macbeth! Macbeth! Be bloody, bold, and resolute; Laugh to scorn the power of man, for none of women born shall harm Macbeth. † Third Apparition â€Å"Be lion-mettled, proud and take no care who chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are. Macbeth shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill Shall come against him. † Through the witches’ prophecies, Macbeth gained a load of confidence, which lead him to his eventual death. That is why the crystal ball prophecies told is a major symbol in the play. In the play Macbeth, written by the world renowned writer, William Shakespeare, the symbols tie the story together. Three major symbols that are shown often in the play are the crown, the crystal ball, and the hallucinations. These symbols represent a variety of concepts that can be interpreted to the progress of the play. The crown signifies the division of power occurring throughout the play, the hallucinations symbolize the problems occurring in Macbeth’s life, and finally the crystal ball represents the prophecies and the events that will happen in the future. How to cite William Shakespeare Symbolic Plays, Essay examples

Scoundrels in a funhouse Essay Example For Students

Scoundrels in a funhouse Essay Its extremely aggressive, its very mean-spirited, the people are vicious to each other, confesses Garland Wright of Too Clever by Half, the Russian comedy that has opened the Guthrie Theaters 30th season. He does not offer this critique by way of apology for Alexander Ostrovskys 1868 play. As artistic director of the Minneapolis company, Wright wanted to lead off this years season with a funny play, and in Rodney Acklands adaptationoriginally commissioned, incidentally, by the theatres founder, Sir Tyrone Guthriea slick, raucous comedy is just what Wright gets. The directors comments betray his surprise, even awe, at what he has found at the heart of this comedy: chillingly impartial satire. Ive never worked on a play by someone who had less of an ideological agenda, claims Wright. Ostrovsky has an absolutely objective eye. I found it really quite disconcerting because there is no moral center to the play. The morally uncentered satire of Too Clever caters to the tabloid-reader in all of us. Squeezing his characters bone-dry of any redeeming virtues, Ostrovsky puts on display the craven ambitions of wealthy Muscovites and their equally unscrupulous hangers-on. The impecunious but abundantly clever Glumov is the plays hero though the word here demands quotation marks. Glumov is simply a bolder toady than his competitors, and is well on his way to landing a sinecure in the civil service and a wealthy, if vapid, bride when the bottom appears to fall out. Although a phenom of public hypocrisy, the young man has committed his true feelings about his mentors to his diary. (This play is perhaps better known in English as Diary of a Scoundrel) When the incriminating journal is discovered and circulated by his spurned mistress, it seems that his best-laid plans are about to collapse on him. In a denouement of brilliant panache, however, the playwright has his hero turning on and outfacing his accusers, with the result that they beg Glumov to come back to the fold. After all, its better to have his poison-pen working for them than against them. Previous to the Guthries staging, the most recent major production of Too Clever in English by Londons Old Vic Theatredates from 1988. To judge from reviews of this eccentric but well-received British mounting, a few of its details were apparently imported to Minneapolis. Common to both shows, for example, are sharply raked floors, Kleopatras equine dentures, and ghoulish make-up for Glumovs fiancee. Precarious footing According to Wright, however, the inspiration for his production derives from Sergei Eisensteins expressionistic version from the early 1920s. Wrights first instinct, he reports, was to evoke the slightly exaggerated style of Daumier and Dickens. This all changed after he read the casebook on the Russian directors highly abstracted staging. We all started thinking more freely, declares Wright. Our show became more and more expressive, and less and less evocative. To underscore how precarious ones footing is in this society, Wright asked Too Clevers set designer, Douglas Stein, to create a house-of-cards atmosphere on the stage. Accordingly, Steins working motto became: Flimsy is good. The sets sloping floors and skewed furniture make this world appear treacherous to negotiate, ready to fall apart or to send someone tumbling. The floor and flats appear to be cut from enormous sheets of yellow legal paper, tenuously held together by gigantic paper clips. Another early principle guiding the interpretation was color lots of it. Stein worked closely with costume designer Susan Hilferty in order to bring into their designs the most violent colors possible while keeping the characters in highest relief. They explain the rationale behind their choices of pigment as eagerly as any color-me-beautiful clothes analyst. Stein reports that after he decided on the sets yellow background, Susan came screaming in with all this color hot pink, orange, purple, robins-egg blue, along with their various complementary hues and then I came back with some of the furniture choices, to try to sneak in colors in support of the costumes. To maintain the purity of the yellow floor, the performers shoes had to be soled in white rubber. .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 , .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .postImageUrl , .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 , .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290:hover , .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290:visited , .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290:active { border:0!important; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290:active , .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290 .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue90430fda02516f8bc1c40c626b6e290:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Art for Artaud's sake EssayAfter the initial designs were constructed, there came the lengthy, empirical process of seeing which shades actually worked on stage and which ones seemed to be missing from this wild palette. According to Stein, until he painted the furnishings in Glumovs apartment in a primary, Russian red, you couldnt look at them. And when all that got locked in the red, not only could you look at them, but the clothes really jumped off the set. Its very obvious, insists Hilferty, when theres a wrong color out there when its too much, when you cant look at it, when youre not getting the right balance, or it kind of sinks into itself No color wins Clashing is all right, as long as the colors are equalthat theres no color that wins. For instance, I first had Glumov in a gray shirt. I was just trying to make him a kind of tabula rasa, completely clean, which is why hes now in black and white. The gray had seemed like something that could balance. But up there, it was lost, it was defeated. The Guthries highly, expressive approach with its funhouse set, vibrant colors, and prosthetic noses, teeth and chins for the performers does not, on the other hand, make the characters so abstract as to dissipate their pointed, satirical force. Recognizable to audiences in any era, and in nearly any type of staging, are such figures as the pompous windbag Mamayev, who showers favors on those who pretend to seek his advice, and the aging matron, Madame Turusina, whose religious fervor increases to the degree that her sexual opportunities decline. When I read the play the first time, Wright offers, in my head I was reading it with my Texas accent. I have a feeling it just reminded me of rich people in Dallas. Rich people in Dallas are theatrical, they are bigger than life, theyre almost unbelievable. Wright surmises that it was this particular cultural context so seemingly remote from 19th-century Moscow that enabled him to understand both the circumstances of the play and also its characters as these sort of huge personalities that take up a lot of room. Outside of Russia, Ostrovsky is frequently eclipsed by the great writers that arrived on either side of him Gogol in the early 19th century, and Chekhov at the centurys close. Yet Ostrovsky is cherished in his homeland, and at Moscows Maly Theater, where the playwright produced much of his work, his dramas are rarely absent from the repertoire. Despite Wrights own success in bringing Too Clever to the stage, however, the Guthrie director does not anticipate that the trickle of Ostrovsky plays now being produced in the U.S. will turn into a flood. Some of the plays, Wright says, are poorly structuredAcklands adaptation of Too Clever, for instance, involved the transposition of several scenes as well as the writing of new dialogue. Ostrovskys idiomatic language, moreover, is said to be devilish to translate well. But even if Ostrovsky never becomes a staple of the English-speaking stage the way Chekhov has become, the works of the earlier playwright offer an important corrective to what Wright believes is a profound misunderstanding about Russian culture. Ostrovsky is quite different from Chekhov, he insists, and Too Clever somehow gives me a clearer image of our misconceptions about the Russian consciousness which we have, in a cliched way, associated with neurotic poets who lay around on summer estates and talk philosophy. In place of this lazier, aristocratic attitude, what Wright discerns to be fueling the Slavic psyche is something likely to be more familiar to us, a picture that hits much closer to home: What I found in working on Ostrovsky was an unbelievably forceful, passionate, greedy hunger for success in life and money and love.

Regulation on Internet ICT- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theRegulation on Internetfor ICT. Answer: The Information and Communication Technology or Technologies, or simply ICT is an umbrella term involving various applications, communication devices and encompassing (Vaishnavi Kuechler, 2015). The limiting or managing the access of some data aspects is known as the Internet regulation (Curran, Fenton Freedman, 2016). Along with identifying the contentious scenario in the ICT, the evaluation of the elements of arguments dissecting it, is needed to be demonstrated. The essay has chosen the Regulation on Internet in identifying various ethical issues arising. The multi-regulation, a core supporting system for the ethical regulation of Internet, has delivered various solutions. They have been complicated and hard to make sense. It has been well recognized that the environment of global network, especially Internet has been defying the traditional regulatory theories. The primary causes have been connected with disintegration of the idea of sectors and territory. Thus it is proposed to move towards the Internet regulation under the lens of four ethical philosophies. The Utilitarianism claims that any action is to be considered right as the outcomes of the action are more appreciable that unfavorable for everyone. As the variation in the outcomes of the alternative activities is not good enough, few Utilitarian never consider the choosing between them a moral issue. As claimed by Mill, the activities could be distinguished as right or wrong as the importance of the results are such that any individual would desire to see the agents compelled (Joyce, 2015). The act should be in a preferred manner not merely exhorted nor persuaded. From the point of view of utilitarianism there has been some parties impacted due to the net neutrality decisions. As the neutrality of Internet is to be made strong, the organizations should achieve the aims of the open internet ultimately. This indicates that their utilities must grow due to their regulations in the place to help the profit for largest number of people possible. Various organizations have been continuing to claim that they have been experiencing decline in utility on the other hand. This is due to the fact that the philosophy slows down the innovation and violating the freedom of speech (Dong Xiang, 2014). The overall social utilities of the content providers have been varying on the basis of the size of the organizations. With the internet neutrality, the Internet users would possess same access to everything over net. The avid users of Internet have been feeling that it would raise their utility. The deontology has been the approach of ethics focusing on the right and wrong nature of the actions themselves. It does not consider whether the outcomes were right or wrong or to the habit or characters of the doer. Thus it is seen that for the deontologists the rightness or the wrongness of the results has been relying on the actions that brought that about has been right, or wrong. The aspect of making right choice has been the conformity with the moral norm. Thus, right overshadows the priority of being good. For instance, some suggested slaying everybody currently settled over the land not supporting any agriculture. This might bring a world where there is no starvation. In such a scenario a deontologist would argue by saying that the scenario without starvation has been the poor state of affair (Daz-Campo Segado-Boj, 2015). This is because of the manner by which it was done. In order to seek the responsibilities imposed on internet regulation, the source of right that the use rs having on this are to be considered. This could be achieved by human, legal, position and contact rights. However, it has been difficult to impose internet regulation as human rights. For internet regulations the human right needs regulation and legislation making it a legal right. The internet regulation could be seen as the contract right (Lpez Jimnez, Redchuk Vargas, 2016). This is done at the particular scenarios where the contracts are present to establish that rights. Any rights regarding internet regulation require establishment as legal rights to seek the desired responsibilities facilitating the security of that rights. The virtue ethics has been person based rather than dealing with actions. The moral or virtuous character of the individuals performing tasks are considered rather that the ethical rules and duties. In addition of delivering the righteousness or the wrongness of individual activities, it gives guidance to sort the behaviors and characters of a good individual .Thus, the virtue ethics has been concerned about the complete life of a person rather than considering specific actions or episodes. A person is considered to be good as he lives his life virtually rather than acquiring or living with virtues. It has been a helpful theory as the human beings has been generally interested in analyzing other persons characters than the goodness or the badness of any specific activity (Kenneth McBride, 2014). This idea proposes that to create a perfect society the good persons among the members must be chosen and helped. It does not consider the using of laws and the punishments to deter or preven t bad activities. The virtue of the solidarity has been the measure of the internet regulation for common good. This common good supplies the context to consider the ethical questions like whether media has been used for good or the bad. Every Internet users have been obliged to utilize it in the disciplined and informed way. This is done for good purposes like the parents must supervise or guide the usage of the children. The schools and other institutions of education should deliver training about the discerning usage of Internet as the portion of the comprehensive media education (Floridi Taddeo, 2014). This not only includes the training of technical skills like computer literacy but also the capacity to be informed and discerning evaluation of the contents. The people whose actions and decisions have been contributing to shape the contents and structure of Internet regulation possess crucial responsibilities. This role is nothing but the duty to make the solidarity practice fo r delivering common good. One of the popular theories advocated to reduce the intergroup conflicts has been the contract hypothesis. According to the philosophy, contracts under some specific conditions like equal status institutional support, cooperating for common goal create positive encounter in intergroup (Martin, 2016). It is not only the study of binding contracts legally but also studies the design of informal and formal agreements. This has been motivating people with the conflicting interests to take the actions benefitted mutually. It guides in structuring agreements among the employers and the employees, shareholders with chief executives and the companies with their suppliers. In other words, the contract theory provides every party to proper motivations and incentives to work together effectively (Werbach, 2015). After weighing every social utility in every circumstance more people have been getting benefits as Internet regulation is in action. From the Utilitarian view, internet regulation is ethical. In case of virtue ethics latest regulations has been required in dealing with the internet regulations. The codes of deontology could be applied to the data distributed by media professionals on Internet currently and in future. The social contract theories have provided practical approaches to understand the regulation of Internet. This is done by the relationships formed among those internet individuals by their interactions. References: Curran, J., Fenton, N., Freedman, D. (2016).Misunderstanding the internet. Routledge. Daz-Campo, J., Segado-Boj, F. (2015). Journalism ethics in a digital environment: How journalistic codes of ethics have been adapted to the Internet and ICTs in countries around the world.Telematics and Informatics,32(4), 735-744. Dong, Y. A. N. G., Xiang, L. I. U. (2014). The Perfection of Laws and Regulations Concerning the Public Raising of Equities in China from the Perspectives of Internet Finance.Journal of Guizhou Minzu University (Philosophy and Social Science),2, 021. Floridi, L., Taddeo, M. (Eds.). (2014).The ethics of information warfare(Vol. 14). Springer Science Business Media. Joyce, D. (2015). Internet freedom and human rights.European Journal of International Law,26(2), 493-514. Kenneth McBride, N. (2014). ACTIVE ethics: an information systems ethics for the internet age.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,12(1), 21-44. Lpez Jimnez, D., Redchuk, A., Vargas, L. A. (2016). The Self-Regulation of Electronic Commerce: An Appraisal in Accordance to the Chilean Law of Unfair Competition.Revista de Direito, Estado e Telecomunicaes,8(1). Martin, K. (2016). Understanding privacy online: Development of a social contract approach to privacy.Journal of Business Ethics,137(3), 551-569. Vaishnavi, V. K., Kuechler, W. (2015).Design science research methods and patterns: innovating information and communication technology. Crc Press. Werbach, K. (2015). Reflections on Network Transitions and Social Contracts for the Broadband World.J. on Telecomm. High Tech. L.,13, 45.

african american lit paper

african american lit paper african american lit paper African American Literature Paper Sarah A. Perkins March 2, 2015 ENG/301 African American Literature Paper African-American literature is literature that was written and published in the United States by African – American writers. Much of this writing began during the American Revolution and has continued to flourish and thrive throughout Western society. Many of the themes and issues explored within this literature include the role of African Americans in society, racism, African culture, civil rights, slavery, and social equality. Many African American writers would expound upon these ideas through various literary conventions and forms to help build their stories and create a relationship with the readers. Some common literary conventions that can be found in African American writing are the use of imagery, character, and language. Some common literary forms were oral forms, visual forms, and auditory forms. Jourdon Anderson, W.E.B. DuBois, and Maya Angelou are three prominent African American writers that composed masterful works using some of the various literary conventions and forms stated above. Jourdon Anderson was a writer during the post – American Revolution era. His work â€Å"To My Old Master† (1865) is a letter that he wrote in response to his former slave owner requesting that he come back to work on his farm. Jourdon- , who was emancipated at the time and had moved to Ohio to find work, responded with this letter which soon became an immediate media sensation after its publication in the New York Daily Tribune in 1865 (Breed, A., 2012). In the letter Anderson tackles two themes common in African American Literature: Slavery and freedom. These themes are clearly seen through Anderson use of tone and language. At first glance the letter seems nothing more than a polite response to his former master’s request. But it is clear as one continues on that Anderson’s harbors antipathy for his former master. In the opening paragraph, he states, â€Å"I have often felt uneasy about you† (Anderson, J., 1865). He applies the word â€Å"uneas y† as a euphemism to disguise his abhorrence for his former master without explicitly stating it. By doing this, he maintains his polite language and demeanor yet successfully drives home his sense of anguish at his former oppressor with his sarcastic tone. Since this work is written as a letter, it is clearly oral in form. Which means that, by design, this work is meant to be read aloud with stress on specific syllables and words to emphasize the meaning. For example, Anderson states â€Å"As to my freedom, which you say I can have† (Anderson, J., 1865). The parenthetical he uses, â€Å"which you say I can have† provides a sense of sarcasm to the reader/listener because Anderson is underlying the fact that his former master still believes that he has control over Anderson’s life. He then continues to clarify his thought by adding the statement, â€Å"there is nothing to be gained on that score, as I got my free papers in 1864 from the Provost-Marshal-Ge neral of the Department of Nashville† (Anderson, J., 1865). When read aloud, this statement is very definitive and final in nature, lending to his thesis: I am free and I never again will be a slave. W.E.B. DuBois was a poet during the early Twentieth Century. His work, â€Å"The Song of the Smoke† (1907) was a poem that was written tackling the themes of African Americans in society and social equality. It is often understood as an affirmation of Black pride and Black acceptance. This poem was first published in 1907 in the magazine known as Horizon, one which he himself edited. (Thompson, E. 2001, p.215). DuBois employs the use of imagery and language to emphasize his thesis: African American lives are important and impactful. He opens the poem with, â€Å"I am the Smoke King/I am black!† (Dubois, W.E.B., 1907, L/1-2). Here he uses the image if back smoke against a grey visage. We can see that DuBois is using the contrasting elements to show that, despite the

Forensic Science essays

Forensic Science essays Crime today is at an extreme high. However, forensic science has been there to help solve every crime committed. Science is the technology used to help forensic teams to analyze and solve crimes. What can look obvious to the naked eye could actually be a whole other story. Evidence can range from hair samples, to DNA, to semen, to finger prints, and many more. Over the years, forensic science has helped revolutionize law enforcement. Forensic science has been around for a long time and many of the old techniques are still used today. Many people have contributed to the start of forensic science. Edmond Locard was a physician who established one of the first crime laboratories in 1910, in Lyon, France(Crime Laboratory 909). He helped develop various methods to investigate crimes. Alphonse Bertillon developed a method of identifying persons according to their measurements. This method is called the Bertillon method(Crime Laboratory 910). However, by late 1910, fingerprinting had replaced the Bertillon system almost entirely as a more accurate method of identification. This new method was developed by Sir Francis Galton. The first crime laboratory in the United was established in Los Angeles in 1923. Today, the nation has over 250 crime laboratories(Crime Laboratory 910). Many other organizations would soon be developed. The FBIs crime laboratory was organized in 1932. It ranks as one of the finest in the world(Crime Laboratory 910). A crime laboratory uses several different techniques to identify and analyze evidence. Such techniques include microscopic examination, chemical treatments, and the use of special instruments. The most effective type of evidence is DNA identification. It has the power to save people and to prosecute the guilty. DNA helps to identify potential suspects involved in a crime, exonerate a...

Course Pak Articles Spring 2013 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Course Pak Articles Spring 2013 - Term Paper Example This holding environment is of great importance for lesbians in the society in the sense that it acts as a therapeutic holding environment. In this environment, a lot of healing and progress takes place and hence it acts as a safe psychological place for therapy. In these holding environments, deep connections are established where unconscious communication can be established. This is as determined by scharff and scharff in the year 1991(Sussal, (n.d). In the social context, the approach used by the author in couple’s therapy is with psychoanalytical approaches. In the psychoanalytical approaches, stresses affecting the lesbian couples are addressed with regard to their past and the present. This approach is effective in the sense that the problems facing the lesbian couples are addressed at their roots and hence workable solutions are determined. The use of the psychoanalytical approach to couples therapy is effective to the lesbian couples because lesbian couples are more likely to be exposed to social discriminations as they go about their lives. Hence, this form of therapy according to the author is effective in curing cases of homophobia among lesbians, which is considered a sickness (Sussal, (n.d). Couple’s therapy with lesbians employs the use of repressed ego systems. The use of repressed ego systems has improved the relations between lesbian couples. This is because it assists couples in overcoming the fears intimacy because of experiences of rejection and frustration. Fairburn determined this theory in the year 1954 in what was known as anti-libidinal ego. This theory determined that split off ego is resident in the unconscious and affects how lesbians relate to each other as a couple and towards the outside world (Sussal, (n.d). Sex therapy is inclusive as part of couple’s therapy with lesbians. This is because just as is the case with heterosexuals, lesbians have their share of

Companys Social Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Companys Social Performance - Essay Example Company’s Social Performance Describe your company and analyze the various primary and secondary stakeholder groups, their roles, and relationships The company is a medium–sized chocolate producing corporation known as ‘St. Louis Delights’.The company specializes in the production of popular treats such as chocolate dipped caramels, with and without condiments such as pecans. The company is rapidly expanding even though at present it has only 35 employees, some of whom work on a part-time basis. St. Louis Delights currently produces more than 15,000 chocolate treats on a daily basis. With most of the chocolates products sold by other retailers being somewhat conventional, St. Louis Delights has created a whole new line of treats that is aimed at catering for the diverse tastes of chocolate fans all over the world. So far, St. Louis Delights has produced goods for fairs such as corporate events as well as weddings and other parties. The company also creates distinctive theme –products in different seasons such as during Christmas, Easter, Halloween, and the Chinese New Year. Recently, the company also staged a ‘chocolate tasting workshop’ so that customers could be introduced to exciting new creations produced by St. Louis Delights. The primary stakeholders of St. Louis Delights are its customers, stockholders, suppliers, creditors, and workers. Just as other corporations, St. Louis Delights has to realize profits for its principal investors. ... um, apart from its website, in which the company’s clients are able to discuss their views on different products as well as company policies (Freeman, Harrison, Wicks, Parmar, & De Colle, 2010). In this way, the company will also be able to determine what needs to be improved. This will also help company officials to learn how best to communicate with clients or catch their interest. The company could also learn how to better market its products to different sectors of the population by listening to the comments and advice of its customers. By monitoring the effect of any adjustments it makes, the company will be able to reassess its priorities as well as fine tune its methods of communication. Recommend ways the stakeholders can influence the destiny of your business For St. Louis Delights, customers are viewed as being the single most important stakeholder group that can foment change in company strategies as well as operations. The company has been making profits that allow for further expansion due to the loyalty of customers. At present, St. Louis Delights is involved in considering the next place in which to open new branches. Naturally, this decision will be determined by the notion of where customers are most likely to want to come to. Executives have to take into consideration the thought of where the customers are most likely to feel comfortable shopping at. The company also has to take into account the customer demographic it is looking to attract. For instance, it has to consider whether the customers will drive or walk to its proposed next franchise. In this case, it would be better to locate the franchise at an up market area that is a walking distance from residential houses. So far, it is the up market customers who appreciate uniqueness who have

Gillette Fusion Case Study

Gillette Fusion Case Study Introduction Gillette holds leadership market share which is 70% within the razors market (PG 2008). The companys success has been created by regular product innovations and prestigious campaigns in order to boost the sales. However, one product namely Fusion, which is the first five bladed razor has captured 55% of all new razor sales in the US just four weeks after launch (Datamonitor, 2008). What is more, Fusion was expected to be Procter and Gambles fastest ever product to reach a US$1 billion in sales (Datamonitor, 2008). This paper will focus on why it is so important to move customers to Fusion and how to attain and promote this migration. Why Gillette is so desperate to move all customers to Fusion The Boston Consulting Group matrix provides a framework for allocating resources among different products. This technique is useful for multi-divisional and multi-product companies such as Gillette since it allows them to compare different products and decide where to invest the money. As can be seen above single blade razor is a dog which means that this product has a low market share and low growth rate and it do not generate large amount of cash. However, dogs can turn out to be a cash trap since Gillettes money can be tied up there with no potential for the future increase. Furthermore, Mach 2 double blade razor is between being a dog and question mark but due to market saturation and product advancements Mach 2 soon will be a dog with low market share and growth. Mach 3 triple blade razor on the other hand, is between a question mark position which is low market share but high market growth rate and a star. Star can generate large sums of money because of its strong market share but at the same time can consume a lot of resources due to high growth rate. Mach 3 has the potential to gain market share and become a star however, Gillette found out that when Mach 3 did not become a market leader there was a possibility that it would become a dog with a little market growth. As a result, Gillette focused all its attention on Fusion which is between being a star and a cash cow that gives greater return on assets than the market growth rate. Consequently, Gillette analysed the BCG matrix and decided that the company needs to persuade all the customers to buy Fusion in order to achieve a status of cash cow for this product and bring continued profit with relatively little investment in the future. Furthermore, according to Armstrong and Kotler (2008) the best way for Gillette to achieve that position was to introduce new product in this case Fusion that outdate the existing ones Mach 3 Mach 2 and single blade razors. Therefore, Gillette is using positive cannibalization practice. This means that the company is focusing its marketing resources on switching its own customers from Mach 3 to more profitable Fusion line instead of trying to gain more market share from competitors (Ritson, 2009). In the long run this is more effective strategy as it is cheaper for Gillette to market to existing customers and easier to covert them than anyone else (Holland 2008). The marketing plan Marketing mix is a part of marketing plan that involves different techniques to influence perception favorably towards the product (Keller Kotler, 2006). The main parts of marketing mix are four Ps which are known as Product, Price, Place and Promotion: Product: Gillette Fusion is the first shaving system for men that combines revolutionary blade technologies on the front and on the back (Gillett, 2008). Price: The next part of the marketing plan is the pricing strategy as this will indicate what kid of ROI (Return on Investment) the company will have (Dewhurts Burns, 1989). However, the charge has to be competitive but still allow the company to make a reasonable profit (Barrow et all 2005). In this case reasonable will depend on the customer. Gillette charges 40% price premium over Mach 3 and to persuade its customers to switch for a Fusion the company needs better communication. This means by educating existing consumers on product advancements and improved shaving performance, only then higher price can be justified. Place- Distribution as shown below Instead of selling directly to the consumer Gillette sells through an intermediary such as a wholesaler and retailer who resell companys products Fusion razors. Promotion Marketing communication which is a different term for promotion constitutes part of the marketing mix. It is not a single entity but rather, involves a wide range of activities that aim to convey marketing messages to target audiences (Pickton Broderick, 2001). Those activities can be classified into four overlapping heading. To promote the migration from older Gillettes products to Fusion the company can use sales promotion. That means launch an introductory promotional discount joined with a competition with entry via product purchase. This could grab the attention of male consumers and encourage existing to switch. Another idea to convince existing consumers to use Gillette fusion is to advertise it for different parts of the body and not only for the face. The advertisement can be supported by online campaign (interactive videos) which will encourage the clients to use Gillette razors to shave for example their armpits. Finally, new form of public relations should be used to spread the word via blog. Gillette could create a shortlist of influential bloggers that are male between 18 and 35 years of age. Then, the company would send them a gift pack including Fusion razor, shaving gel and aftershave with some background details of the product. Further, Gillette could influence them to use it for a short period of time and write about their experiences on their blogs. As a result, this could promote migration of companys existing customer base to Fusion from the older razor products. Conclusion After detail analysis it can be concluded that Gillette wants to migrate companys existing customer base to use Fusion. Since Fusion is perceived as a cash cow which brings continuous profits with relatively little investment in the future. Furthermore, the best way to attaining a massive migration to Fusion will be by sales promotion, online advertising and writing blogs. Consequently, massive migration to Fusion will be achieved. References: Armstrong, G. and Kotler, P. (2008) Principles of marketing 13th ed., New Jersey, Pearson Prentice Hall Aaker, D. A. (1995) Strategic Market Management, 4th ed. John Wiley Sons, New York. Barksdale H. C. and Harris C. E (1982). Portfolio analysis and the plc Long Range Planning, 15(6): 74- 83. Barrow.C.Barrow.P.,Brown,R.,(2005) The Business Plan Workbook, 5th Ed, Cambrian Printers, Wales. Burns.P. (2007) Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 2nd Ed, Palgraive Macmilla, New York. Datamonitor, (2008) Gillette Fusion case study: developing a US$1 billion brand available from http://www.market-research-report.com/datamonitor/CSCM0171.htm (accessed 2 December) Dewhurts.J.Burns.P.,(1989) Small Business Planning Finance and Control , 2nd Ed, Macmillan Education, London. Gillette (2008) P G Annual Report available form http://www.scribd.com/doc/5892225/PG-2008-Annual-Report (accessed on 2 December). Holland A. (2008) Sherpa Blog: Quick, Easy Step to Increase Repeat Buyers (Profits) Real-Life Marketing Story available from http://www.marketingsherpa.com/article.php?ident=30687 (accessed 3 November). Keller K.L. Kotler,P (2006) Marketing Management, 12th Ed, Pearson Education, New Jersey. Kotler P. Armstrong G. Saunders J. and Wong V. (1999) Principles of Marketing, 2nd European edn, London: Prentice Hall Europe. P G (2008) Annual Report overview 2008 available form http://www.pg.com/annualreport2008/financials/mda-overview.shtml (accessed 3 December) Pickton D. W. and Broderick A. (2001) Integrated Marketing Communications, London, Financial Times Prentice Hall. ch. 1. Ritson M. (2009) 5 Reasons Gillette Is The Best A Brand Can Get available from http://www.brandingstrategyinsider.com/2009/06/5-reasons-gillette-is-the-best-a-brand-can-get.html (accessed 3 December) Shimp T . A (1997). Advertising and Promotion and Supplemental Aspects of Integrated Marketing Communications, 4th ed, Fort Worth: Dryden Press.

Steel Toed Stilettos

Man is the subject; woman is the object. This is the major premise of the gender binary hierarchy. Man is dominant and the woman submissive, active and passive, rational and emotional, strong and weak. Hegemonic masculinity is the ‘maintenance of practices that institutionalize men's dominance over women' (Connell, 1997, p. 24). Emphasized femininity is compliance and the overall subordination of women to men (Connell). This will be an analysis of female strippers and those people in their environment, with special concern regarding the objectification of women, and the misleading emphasized femininity ascribed to dancers. Men are the customers thought of when designing a strip club; there are scantily clad women, sports or pornography on television sets, even pool tables and arcade games. He is the subject. The women are objectified, the use of a pseudonym, or stage name, distances the customers, and the dancers, from the strippers' lives outside the club. However, there are more parties involved than the customer and the dancer. The parties involved extend from the dancers to their agents, the club owners/managers, the municipal government as well as club support staff, photographers, promotional people, and others not discussed here. The agents, rarely female, must find a new club for the woman to work in every week and for this, they receive a fifteen percent commission. Agents have contracts with the dancers as well as the clubs. When and if any dancers complain about dirty working conditions and unfair labour practices, the agents quickly attempt to stop the denouncing. If a dancer wanted to sue a club for breach of contract, for instance, and the agents did not persuade her to stop, the treatment upon her return would be a sign that she was done in the strip clubs. The agent would blackball her from all clubs represented by his agency; in Alberta, ninety-eight percent of the clubs are under contract to one agency effectively ensuring the women's compliance and increasing the unlikelihood that someone might speak up. In addition to the club and dancer contracts they hold, they advocate breast implants and bleached blonde hair and pole dancing. If women do receive implants, show prices increase and instead of being a dancer, she can be a ‘walker'. Many feature performers simply walk around the stage and do not dance, an opportunity provided for them by their physical attributes. A classmate remarked in a discussion, â€Å"obviously the girls know how to dance, it's a basic job requirement. † The reality is breast implants can take centre stage and relegate a lack of rhythm to a dark corner backstage. The mainstream and the sex industry reward women who have breast implants. Those dancers with large breasts will receive more money per show than her colleague with the smaller cup size will receive if all other factors are equal. The municipal governments, specifically the City of Edmonton and the City of Calgary, require that all exotic dancers pass a security clearance to control for any drug or prostitution charges also, dancers must pay an annual fee of one hundred fifty dollars for a license. The city has increased their scrutiny in regards to one's security clearance in the past two years resulting in fewer women able to work in the city and others fearing that their past transgressions exposed to everyone making them ineligible for employment. A near rejection of one Edmonton dancer's license renewal illustrates the unintended effects of the security clearance; she was required to meet the police vice and discuss a charge on her record. There was a real possibility that she would not pass if she were unable to explain her charges. It was shoplifting, no conviction, just a charge, and occurred seven years prior. Why is it necessary for a stripper to gain security clearance? Are strippers inherently more dangerous? What kinds of threats do naked women pose? Fear of the criminality possessed by these women must not be the reason for these seemingly unnecessary procedures. If it was a predominately male profession, it is highly doubtful that the same processes would be in place. The fee of one hundred fifty dollars is significantly higher than bars or restaurants, but fortunately far below the annual three thousand dollars paid by escorts. Does the city equate strippers and escorts? The singling out of these two professions may suggest an equivocation. Why are retail workers not forced to have a license? One answer is that the government wants a share of the money these women work hard to receive. The documenting of the tips dancers receive and the money escorts receive is not necessarily reliable. These people may not fully declare their income on their taxes and the government is unable to verify the amounts. These licensing fees are in place to regulate the dancers but there is little regulation. This is another instance of the domination attempts on these females. The club owner/manager is male for the vast majority. These men tell the agents what kind of dancers they are seeking. The owner's preferences can result in the agents offering only certain women work; he may want only Caucasian women, waifs, or pop music blondes. The club owner holds absolutely the power to hire and fire. After first meeting a dancer or after her first show of the week, or at any time during the week, the manager can fire her, sometimes without pay. A woman's weight, breast size, muscle tone (be it too muscular or not enough), attractiveness, attitude, behaviour, past, are all reasons for dismissal. The fact that a woman could work an entire week, and be expecting a paycheque of eight hundred dollars only to be fired hours before she is to be paid seems unfair, oppressive, exploitive, etc. There is also the possibility that instead of receiving a paycheque, one could receive a bill. The attached hotel may be the only option in the town, deducted from the cheque, as well as telephone calls, bar tabs, restaurant bills, these alone could dramatically reduce a cheque and then there are fines. There are no fine regulations and can vary widely between clubs. Fines are also absolute, there is no appeal process, no possibility that the Stripper Protection Agency will raid the club and arrest the fine-happy manager. If a manager hates a dancer, he could allow her to dance the week only to surprise her with a page of fines for infractions she did not commit. Fines are in place to ensure job effectiveness, productivity and presence; they also lessen payrolls. Sanctions imposed for tardiness are generally one hundred dollars for every minute late for a show, no excuses. Missed shows range from two hundred fifty dollars to five hundred dollars plus the cost of the show. It is wholly within the manager's power to decide to double a dancer's fines. For example, during an interview with a dancer named Octavia, she told of when she was late for a show because her suitcase would not open, after a lengthy struggle the manager opened it by ripping the suitcase and then proceeded to fine her three hundred dollars for being late. She told the other dancers what had happened and they were outraged and informed the manager of such. He then doubled her fine because she had a ‘big mouth' and the other dancers were approaching him and scolding him for fining Octavia. It is a system that favors the club, adversarial to the dancer and easy to identify situations in which women could work a week for nothing, maybe less. Fired without pay and an excessive fine system are only two of the way women are overpowered, another is the unwillingness and the refusal to accept any reason to miss a show. These claims, legitimate or not, are for the vast majority of the time never taken seriously. The managers have ‘seen & heard it all before' and suspect a late night of alcohol and drugs are the cause of this day's ailment. The male aspects of the strip trade include the agents who have a monopoly on clubs and workers, almost all control over a dancer's placement, much say in the hiring of a dancer, and the power to ostracize a dancer. Spotlighting the municipal government and it is hard to miss its attempts to exploit working women. The club owners have the power, and exercise it, to fire without pay, fine exorbitant amounts of money over minutes, and refuse to believe any ailments that a woman is suffering from is anything more than a hangover. After that lengthy inspection of the males of the strip club culture, the attention focuses on the females, the dancers. In her article, Feminism, Marxism, Method and the State: An Agenda for Theory, Catharine A. MacKinnon (1982) states, â€Å"Socially, femaleness means femininity, which means attractiveness to men, which means sexual attractiveness, which means sexual availability on male terms†. If femaleness means femininity and dancers are female, if the factors of femininity as met it is true. Dancers are attractive to men, sexually attractive in fact. Interpreting sexual availability as a willing participant in sexual activity is valid; however, women can be available in general and not for a specific person. If this is correct then dancers exude femininity. They seem rather feminine, wearing form-fitting dresses, short skirts, and stiletto heels. Their make-up and hair are amazing emphasizing their attractiveness, and being naked is a sufficient condition for sexually attractive. It is appropriate to consider dancers feminine in relation to MacKinnon's article. The men think we do it because we love sex so much, we're sex-driven throbbing mattress kittens. But when we're on stage we're all virgins, and then we lock eyes with that one special guy and he might be the one to change all that . . . and then we lock eyes with the next guy and he might be the one to change all that. Men are so stupid. † Octavia's quote is an example of the have/hold discourse (Hollway, 1984). Wife or mistress, virgin or whore (or sex-driven throbbing mattress kittens) the dichotomy is the same and impossible to achieve. Expected to be the provocative, seductive, pure, inginue and obviously unable to fill the role, the dancer adopts a role not unlike that of a trucker. Rude, crude and crass, these women are tough. They have experienced volumes either in person, a close friend, or another dancer's recollection. Assertive, aggressive, controlled, rational are usually male-specific traits but dancers are often described as such. A power shift has occurred, any previous conceptions about women's subservience to men have vanished. On stage, strippers can make men do anything, falling over themselves to throw money to her, reduced to the basest of urges. After having seen one's oppressor with his pants around his ankles and his clown boxers showing, the power is not as apparent as it had been. If subsequently, the repeat viewing of the oppressor is in compromising, powerless situations, the oppressor ceases to exist, and it is simply another person. In the situation the power shifted to the dancers and the agent, the manager, the city government may exert some power over her; regardless the men at the strip club are waiting for her. Exotic dancers appear to be an ultimately sexual, feminine being. However, it is not always the case; they adopt attitudes perhaps better suited to their trucker or rig-working customers. The misconception that the dancers are waiting for that guy at the club is in light of the fact that many dancers have an utter hatred for males and they despise them while they smile and listen to his stories. The objectification that is present in the strip club may not be the dancers at all it may be the customer who is nothing other than a source for money. The personality traits, usually coded as masculine, embodied by these women, must aid them as they ‘hustle' to sell table dances, and convince the men to play loonie games. The transference of power, as experienced in the strip club, would be an empowering experience for all women. The possibility of it occurring is not absurd. The emphasized femininity some women adhere to is not going to increase the likelihood of this fundamental shift. However, if any change is to occur, solidarity must first be present.